Friday, November 6, 2020

The Feasts of the LORD - Introductory Basics

 



The Feasts of the LORD

Introductory basics

If you are just learning about the Feasts of the LORD from the Old Testament, you will need some basic information to help you understand.

Why does God have a calendar?  He moves in the lives of men.  Throughout history, events have been scheduled around holy days that His people are to remember.  These holy days are used for signs to us and are considered ‘appointed times’ to meet with God.

A.  The sun and the moon are there for a reason.

Genesis 1:14 And God said, “Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years: 15 And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth”: and it was so. 16 And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also.

 

1.      The word for ‘sign’ in Hebrew is:  twa  'owth,  oth - Strong’s #0226

a signal, as a flag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence, ensign, token.

 

2.     The word for ‘season’ in Hebrew is:  dewm  mow`ed,  mo-ade' – Strong’s #04150

properly, an appointment, i.e. a fixed time or season; specifically, a festival; an assembly (as convened for a definite purpose); appointed time.

 

You will find that the moon is particularly important to the timing of the feasts.  Sometimes it is the very first sliver of the New Moon seen in the sky that determines when a feast begins.  Other times, when the moon is Full you can know it is the time of a different feast.  This will make sense later.

 

B.   When does a day begin?

This might seem trivial, but God’s day begins differently than we are used to.  Several verses in Genesis 1 show this.

Genesis 1:5 And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day.

Genesis 1:8 And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.

Genesis 1:13 And the evening and the morning were the third day.

Genesis 1:19 And the evening and the morning were the fourth day.

 

This shows that God started each day in the evening.  When the sun goes down on a given day, it is considered the end of one day and the beginning of the next.  This will be seen with the weekly Sabbath.  On Friday night at sundown, the Sabbath begins. It runs all through the day we call Saturday until sundown again.  Technically we would say Saturday is the Sabbath, but it begins right at sunset on Friday evening, not after midnight.

This is another important concept to understand.  It will carry on through the entire Bible.  If you do not know this and the previous concepts mentioned, there are many passages that you will not understand.

 

C.    When does a month begin?

In modern times, we have a calendar that tells us when a month begins.  When a month begins is not spelled out as obviously as some other things.  As you learn more about the feasts, it will become clear. 

For God’s Calendar, the month can be either 29 or 30 days. There is no such thing as a 28-day month or a 31-day month.  This is based on the cycle of the moon waxing and waning. As a month progresses, the moon at first gets bigger and bigger until it is full.  Then it starts waning and gets smaller and smaller becoming a thinner and thinner crescent. Eventually, it will be invisible to the eye (completely dark).  This period of NO moon can last 2 or 3 days. 

At some point, the first sliver of the “new moon” can be seen in the sky.  When that occurs, it marks the beginning of the New Month.  In Hebrew it is “rosh chodesh” or head of the month.  The word ‘chodesh’ (pronounced like kodesh) is ‘month’ as in a new month, or new moon.

In the Bible, God did not have to explain this to Moses (from what we can read).  The  people watched the sun, moon, and stars and understood things that many today don’t. 

*Please note:  What the Bible calls a New Moon is different from what modern science says.  NASA and other scientific sites consider the dark moon period the ‘new moon’. That may work for people with computers and telescopes, but not for the average shepherd or Israelite trying to keep track of the months. 

Why keep track of the months?  Because all of the feasts depend on knowing what day it is in a given month.  You will see that some Feasts begin on the 1st day, some on the 14th day and some on the 15th day.  If you don’t know when a month began, how do you know which day it is?

These are “appointed times” that God has established.  He wants us to be there for His appointments.  If we love and want to follow Yehovah, the God of Israel, we need to be obedient and follow His calendar.

 

Numbers 10:10 Also in the day of your gladness, and in your solemn days, and in the beginnings of your months, ye shall blow with the trumpets over your burnt offerings, and over the sacrifices of your peace offerings; that they may be to you for a memorial before your God: I am the LORD your God.

 

Isaiah 66:23 And it shall come to pass, that from one new moon to another, and from one sabbath to another, shall all flesh come to worship before me, saith the LORD.

 

D.  When does the year begin?

Different cultures start their calendars at different times.  In the western world of today, January 1st begins the year.  In Judaism, sometime in September is called Rosh Hashanah and is considered the beginning of the year.

We are trying to keep God’s calendar as laid out in the Word of God. 

To do this, we must go back to the time of the Exodus from Egypt.

Exodus 12:1 Now the LORD spoke to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying, 2 "This month shall be your beginning of months; it shall be the first month of the year to you. 3 "Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying: 'On the tenth day of this month every man shall take for himself a lamb, according to the house of his father, a lamb for a household.”

God was instructing Moses that the time of the Passover was to be the beginning of the year for their calendar from then on.  I do not know exactly what calendar they kept at that time, but it is clear this is what God wanted them to do and remember. 

If you want to confirm that this was at Passover time, read Exodus chapter 11, and the verses in chapter 12 following the passage above. 

We will look at more detail on Passover later. 

At this point, you know when God wants the year to begin. You know when a month begins.  You know when each day begins and ends. You also know that the Feast days are meant to be signs or appointed times for God’s people. 

 

 

Compiled by G. E. Walker                                                                                     November 2020

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